The Israelites successfully defeat and slay the Midianites, including the five kings of the region and Balaam, the sorcerer. Nevertheless, the warriors are chastised by Moses for sparing the Midianite women with whom the Israelites had recently engaged in idolatry and promiscuity. The army is sent out again to complete the mission. The spoils of war are divided.

The tribes of Reuben and Gad and half of Menasseh possessed large herds and were desirous of settling on the conquered lands on the eastern side of the Jordan River. Permission is granted to them - provided they participate in the efforts to wrest the territory on the western side of the Jordan from the Canaanites. They agree and take a vow to this effect.