God leads the Israelites out of Egypt, appearing as a cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night. The Egyptians pursue the Israelites to the shore of the Sea of Reeds and appear to have them cornered. The sea parts for the Israelites, who cross through on dry land, but the waters crash down upon Pharaoh’s army. Having been saved by God, the Children of Israel break into a song of praise, acclaiming God’s victory and affirming their faith in God. Miriam, Moses’ sister, leads the women in song and dance. (This shabbat derives its name, Shabbat Shira, from these songs.)

The Israelites wander for three days without fresh water. They come to Marah and encounter bitter water there. God tells Moses to throw a branch into the water and it becomes potable. Subsequently the Israelites complain that they want meat to eat. God sends quail in excessive quantities, and in the morning the Israelites are provided with manna, which will sustain them throughout their years in the wilderness. As the manna does not keep overnight, the people need to gather manna each day, but miraculously, the double portion gathered on Friday remains fresh through Shabbat. At Refidim the Israelites again complain about the lack of fresh water. Moses cries out to God, who tells him to take his rod and strike a rock to produce water.

While at Refidim, the Amalekites attack the Children of Israel. Joshua recruits an army to launch a counter-attack. Moses ascends a hilltop and while he keeps his hands aloft, the tide of battle favors the Israelites. As Moses tires, Aaron and Hur support his arms until the Israelites are victorious.